second hand machinery sponge iron production process price Jul 29, 2010 In general sized iron ore of 5-18mm is used in the process of manufacture of sponge iron on all types of rotary kiln with 16mm not exceeding 15-20.The mean particle size of iron ore shall be restricted to 11mm in order to achieve uniform Fe metallic of all grain size ...
Mar 20, 2017· Pig Iron. In the electric-furnace production of pig steel from ore, carbon in the product can be kept below 2.2 per cent., and regulated to an extent by the amount of carbon charged, without resulting in excessive loss of iron in the slag or in the production of a pig steel very high in impurities, if a fair grade of ore is used.
Apr 22, 2017· HYL process is designed for the conversion of iron ore (pellet/lump ore) into metallic iron, by the use of reducing gases in a solid-gas moving bed reactor. Oxygen (O2) is removed from the iron ore by chemical reactions based on hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) for the production of highly metallized direct reduced iron (DRI)/hot ...
Sponge iron provides the base feedstock for all iron-based, self-lubricating bearings and still accounts for around 30% of iron powder usage in PM structural parts. Solid state reduction is also used for the production of refractory metal powders, using hydrogen as the reducing agent, and for the production of specialist iron powders by the ...
Jun 30, 2021· The MIDREX® Direct Reduction Process fueled by natural gas paired with an electric arc furnace (EAF) has the lowest CO² emissions of any commercially proven steelmaking route using iron ore at 1.1 – 1.2 kg CO² / kg steel. To maximize the efficiency of reforming, offgas from the shaft furnace is recycled and blended with fresh ...
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These production technologies generally involve all or most of the following process steps: Powder production. Virtually all iron powders for PM structural part production are manufactured using either the sponge iron process or water atomisation. Non ferrous metal powders used for other PM applications can be produced via a number of methods.
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Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) is the product of the direct reduction of iron ore in the solid state by carbon monoxide and hydrogen derived from natural gas or coal. See more information about the production of DRI . Most gas-based direct reduction plants are part of integrated steel mini-mills, located adjacent to the electric arc furnace (EAF ...
Feb 25, 2020· Direct reduced iron, also called sponge iron, is produced from the direct reduction of iron ore to iron by a reducing gas or elemental carbon produced from natural gas or coal . In some models, Sponge Iron is the category for HBI (Hot Briquette Iron), CDRI (Cold DRI) and HDRI (Hot DRI).
Jul 14, 2014· 2. Description of Sponge Iron Manufacturing Process Most of the plants in India use DRI process—a solid state direct reduction process by which iron ore is reduced to sponge without phase change (Figure 1). Raw material mix-iron ore, dolomite and coal are fed to one end of
DRI production. Direct reduction of iron is the removal of oxygen from iron ore or other iron bearing materials in the solid state, i.e. without melting, as in the blast furnace. The reducing agents are carbon monoxide and hydrogen, coming from reformed natural gas, syngas or coal. Iron ore is used mostly in pellet and/or lumpy form.
Jan 21, 2019· Sponge iron is a metallic product produced through the direct reduction of iron ore in the strong state. It is a substitute for scrap and therefore is mostly applicable in making steel through the secondary route. The procedure of sponge iron making aims to expel the oxygen from iron ore. The level of metallization (expulsion […]
Solid reduction process. Sponge iron is a highly processed form of iron ore which contains metallic iron in the range of 83-88% obtained by direct reduction without melting it. Due to high porosity, the resulting iron is called sponge iron. It is used as a raw material for manufacturing steel through electrical arc furnace and the induction ...
Sep 01, 2018· The location of Sponge Iron Plant should be at least 500 m away from National Highway and State Highway. The radial distance between two Sponge Iron Plants should be 5 km for plants having capacity 1000 TPD or more. Sponge Iron Plants can be established in designated industrial areas/Estates as notified by State Government.
Feb 14, 2017· The main raw materials for the production of DRI by the rotary kiln process are (i) sized graded iron ore or iron ore pellets, (ii) non-coking coal, and (iii) dolomite in small quantities to scavenge the sulphur. Iron ore of the right quality is the basic input for the coal based direct reduction process.
DRI, also known as sponge iron, is the product of reducing iron oxide in the form of iron ore and steel plant wastes into metallic iron, below the melting point of iron and typically in the range of 800–1200 °C. Iron oxide is charged into shaft furnace, rotary kiln, or fluidized beds in the form of pellet, iron ore lumps, or fines. The reduction takes place using gaseous reductants (CO + H ...
Aug 07, 2016· • Sponge iron produced by the process will be the high grade which contains 80% Fe, 12% FeO and 8% gangue material. After separation of sponge iron in the magnetic screen/pulley, the remains are collected as char. Char has good amount of fixed carbon (25% - 30%) and moderate GCV (2500 - 2600 Kcal/Kg).
Detailed Project Reports & Profiles on Sponge Iron - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost And Revenue, Plant Economics
Producing sponge iron and then working it was the earliest method used to obtain iron in the Middle East, Egypt, and Europe, where it remained in use until at least the 16th century.There is some evidence that the bloomery method was also used in China, but China had developed blast furnaces to obtain pig iron by 500 BCE.. The advantage of the bloomery technique is that iron can be obtained at ...
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Several grades of treated wood chips are available, based on iron oxide content. The most common grades are 6.5-, 9.0-, 15.0-, and 20-lb iron oxide/bushel. The chips are contained in a vessel, and sour gas flows through the bed and reacts with the ferric oxide. Figure 7-3 shows a typical vessel for the iron sponge process.
In the former process, iron ore is the main raw material. In an electric furnace, scrap iron is used and occasionally also sponge iron. Sponge is an intermediate product, which is produced from iron ore by means of direct reduction (= DRI or directly reduced iron) and that is then further reduced and smelted in an electric furnace.
The first gas based sponge iron plant, with a capacity of 1.52 MTPA, was set up by Essar Steel Limited in Hazira, Gujarat in 19905. Today, India has an installed capacity of 36.7 MTPA of sponge iron6. Leading states in sponge iron production are Odisha, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal and Jharkhand. Odisha occupies the top position
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Sponge iron provides the base feedstock for all iron-based, self-lubricating bearings and still accounts for around 30% of iron powder usage in PM structural parts. Solid state reduction is also used for the production of refractory metal powders, using hydrogen as the reducing agent, and for the production of specialist iron …
Sponge manufacturing produces no harmful byproducts and little waste. Sponge material that is lost in trimming, such as when an uneven end is cut off the large block, is ground up and recycled. It can be thrown in the mixer at the beginning of the process, and become part of a new sponge.
Sponge iron is used to make steel by all Indian steel producers and is a substitute for steel melting scrap. Healthy demand growth in steel sector is also pushing sponge iron demand. Apart from declining availability of steel melting scrap, sponge iron demand has also gone up …
Sizing of the Raw materials also play vital role in sponge iron manufacturing process. The required size of Iron ore, MPS (Mean particle size), its physical properties like T.I., A.I. & chemical properties like Fe (T), LOI, gangue content In Sponge Iron Process, two types of coal are being used such as feed coal and injection coal.
Figure 1.4: In-process refinery end products and finished marketable refinery end products diagram API for valves The oil and gas industry does not use a universal API specification for valves like they have on …
Lungen H. B. and Steffen R. (1998). Comparison of Production Costs for Hot Metal and Sponge Iron. Cokemaking International, Vol. 10, 1, pp. 28-34.[This article shows the current state of development of the ore reduction processes, and a comprehensive discussion of new processes of direct reduction iron…
Mill scale is also used as a de-siliconization agent that is an integral part of the phosphate fertilizer production process. Mill scale can also be used in the manufacture of water-treatment chemicals that are used in agricultural, forestry, fishing, and scientific activities related to research and development. Foundry Iron. Mill scale is ...
from the DRI production plant) will be reduced by 50 - 100 kg.) 3. Increase in the productivity of blast furnaces The productivity of a blast furnace increased with charging DRI with large metallic iron content to it. (When 100 kg of DRI is used for the production of 1 ton of molten iron, the production of molten iron increases by 10 - 15 %.) 4.
Market share: About 23% of sponge iron total production. 4) Tunnel furnace process . This process is the oldest direct reduction method. In this method, Thermal coal is mixed with iron ore as a reducing agent. Natural gas generates the required reduction temperature, and reduction is performed on Silicon Carbide (SiC) Crucibles in a tunnel furnace.
Iron ore crushing is not required since sized material has to be purchased. Iron ore of size 5 mm to 20 mm is being used for the production of Sponge iron. Iron ore is being fed to the Ground hopper, from where it conveyed to the Screen with the help of Vibro Feeder, where Oversize i.e. + 20 mm and Undersize i.e. – 5
2. PRODUCTION OF IRON AND STEEL POWDERS 8 2.3 The Höganäs Sponge Iron Process The Höganäs sponge iron process, is essentially a chemical process in which finely divided iron ore is being reduced with coke breeze yielding a spongy mass of solid metallic iron, which can readily be comminuted to iron powder. The iron ore used at
The Manufacturing Process Titanium is produced using the Kroll process. The steps involved include extraction, purification, sponge production, alloy creation, and forming and shaping. In the United States, many manufacturers specialize in different phases of this production.
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