One desulfurization agent commonly used is solid calcium carbide (CaCj). Calcium carbide is thought to decom- pose to calcium and graphite. ... and backfilled with a reactive gas such as an atmosphere containing nitrogen. When the electric power is turned on, the gas becomes ionized. ... Stainless steel, carbon steel, aluminum, and titanium ...
A pellet of ZrO/sub 2/ and the reducing agent (CaC/sub 2/ or CaCN/sub 2/) were heated in a nickel boat in an electric, stainless steel tube furnace. A saturated zirconium carbo-nitride (N + C (bound) = 50 at.%) was obtained with more » a 4 hour calcination at 1100 deg C in a stationary atmosphere of nitrogen.
There is a lot of gas in the atmosphere, out of which the gas we absorb is oxygen. But when someone has trouble breathing due to some disease, then he is admitted to the hospital. ... grade stainless steel column, argon welding and ... Calcium carbide is used for industrial production of the fuel gas.
Dec 27, 2014· Stainless Steel – An alloy of iron with the mixture of chromium (12%), which the key point of making stainless steel stainless. The chromium in steel combines with oxygen in the atmosphere to form a protective layer knows as passive film. It is a thin and invisible layer containing oxide [Anne Marie Helmenstine (2014)]. Table…
May 29, 2020· Optimization of the conditions of the reaction of calcium carbide (CaC 2) with benzophenone (1a) under ball milling conditions in different stainless steel (SS) or tungsten carbide (WC) jars a a Reaction conditions: Crushed CaC 2 and 1a placed in a 20 mL SS or WC jar and milled for the indicated time at 30 Hz.
Dec 16, 2014· Calcium in Steels. Calcium (Ca) (atomic number 20 and atomic weight 40.08) has density of 1.54 gm/cc. Melting point of Ca is 842 deg C and boiling point is 1484 deg C. Ca additions are made during steel making for refining, deoxidation, desulphurization, and control of shape, size and distribution of oxide and sulphide inclusions .
Jul 30, 2018· Scanning electron micrographs of the top surface of laser surface melted AISI 316L stainless steel in Nitrogen atmosphere lased with the following parameters: a applied power: 0.75 kW, scan speed: 0.05 m/s, b 0.75 kW, 0.10 m/s, c 1.0 kW, 0.10 m/s [30, 31]
Jul 16, 2021· At present, the main methods for preparing magnesium nitride Mg3N2 include the direct reaction of magnesium powder with nitrogen, the reaction of magnesium with nitrogen in a nitrogen plasma stream, the explosion of magnesium coils in a nitrogen atmosphere, the low-pressure chemical vapor deposition method, and the self-propagating high ...
The first company of Sanghi Group was incorporated in 1963 for industrial gas production. Started manufacture of Oxygen, Nitrogen & Acetylene gas plants with German collaboration in 1976. Company's Office and manufacturing facilities at Mumbai (Bombay) Manufactured over 250 gas plants and sold them all over the world.
Importance of Adopting Best Practices during Nitrogen Purging of an Acetylene Production Plant. Nitrogen purging forms an integral part of safe and efficient functioning of an acetylene gas production plant.This process should be incorporated by all acetylene gas plant owners.This is an internal cleaning process employed to free pipes and other parts of all contaminants.
Carbide Industries Fire and Explosion. Accident Description:Two workers were killed and two others injured as a result of a fire and explosion that occurred at the Carbide Industries facility located in Louisville, Kentucky, which produces calcium carbide products.
Acetylene: Stainless steel and carbon steel are the best choice of material for piping for acetylene gas. It is recommended to choose the pressure gauges and fittings also made of steel. This is because acetylene gas reacts with silver, copper, and mercury to form explosive compounds. Although copper alloys are sometimes chosen as piping for ...
Intratec provides Phosgene price trend estimates in the main world regions, covering the past 13 years. Subscribers to our Specialty Price Trends have access to price trend estimates for as many as 153 specialties, as well as an online specialty price estimator, through which current specialty prices can be easily calculated, using past prices. . Examine a sample below or register for free to ...
The carbide product produced generally contains around 80% calcium carbide by weight. The carbide is crushed to produce small lumps that can range a few mm up to 50 mm. The impurities are concentrated in the finer fractions. The CaC2 content of the product is assayed by measuring the amount of acetylene produced on hydrolysis.
2. When heating powdered calcium carbide and nitrogen, the reaction produces lime nitrogen, and the cyanide melt produced by the reaction of heating lime nitrogen and table salt is used in gold mining and non-ferrous metal industries. 3. It can be used as a desulfurizer in the steel industry. 4.
Buckeye Ordnance Works (Atmospheric Nitrogen Corp.) Ironton: OH: Solvay Process Co., Inc: Ammonium nitrate and ammonia: Fixation of atmosphere nitrogen: Canton Drop Forging and Manufacturing Co., Inc. Massilon: OH: Massilon Aluminum Co. Aluminum aircraft parts: Stamping of stainless steel: Chandler-Evans Corp. Dayton: OH
Jun 04, 2021· In this method dry and pure air is passed over a mixture containing calcium carbide and 10% calcium chloride placed in an iron tube heated to 800 0 C Oxygen and nitrogen gases are removed by the following reactions. CaC 2 + N 2 → 800 ∘ C CaCN 2 Caldum cyanamide + C C + O 2 → 2 CO 2 2C + O 2 → 2CO
Calcium carbide has the nominal formula of CaC 2 and the molecular weight of 64.0992 g/mol. The pure material is colorless, but most samples have a color ranging from black to grayish-white, depending on the grade. Its density is 2.22 g/cc and it melts at 2160 °C with a boiling point (under an inert atmosphere) of 2300 °C, where it decomposes.Its main use industrially is in the production of ...
The molten bath includes a carbon source such as calcium carbide, and the diffusion process is carried out under an inert non-nitrogen atmosphere such as argon and at a time-temperature profile below that temperature which would promote carbide formation (less than 1000° F. for stainless steel …
Generally, Hägg carbide in AISI 316 is found simultaneously with M 7 C 3 and for relatively high carbon contents. The occurrence of Hägg carbide after low temperature carburizing of stainless steel (surface hardening) is unwanted due to its detrimental effect on the corrosion performance.
the behavior of calcium sulfide, silica, and aluminum oxide in calcium carbide melts at temperatures up to 2900 c (in german)
Elemental Nitrogen, recognized by Rutherford in 1772 as a colorless, odorless ... to form fused calcium carbide (CaC2) which is withdrawn and solidified. 2200 ˚C CaO +3C CaC ... 3 is stored in stainless steel vessels. It is transported (large quantity) in stainless ...
May 23, 2013· Nitrogen exists in steel in two forms namely (i) in the atomic form as interstitial nitrogen, or as unstable and easily dissolved nitrides, e.g. Fe4N etc., and (ii) in the form of stable nitrides. In atomic form, it is known as the active or free nitrogen in steel. In micro-alloyed steels e.g. high strength low alloy (HSLA) steels, some or all ...
Sep 20, 2016· In 1893, French chemist Henri Moissan found that calcium carbide was capable of absorbing atmospheric nitrogen. In 1898, German Fritz Rothe found that the nitrogen absorption process created a ...
Initially "electric steel" was a specialty product for such uses as machine tools and spring steel.Arc furnaces were also used to prepare calcium carbide for use in carbide lamps.The Stassano electric furnace is an arc type furnace that usually rotates to mix the bath. The Girod furnace is similar to the Héroult furnace.. While EAFs were widely used in World War II for production of alloy ...
A method for case hardening a chromium bearing nickel or ferrous based alloy, for example stainless steel, article, the method including the steps of activating the surface of the article; and carburizing the activated surface at a temperature below that temperature which would promote the formation of carbides. In one embodiment the surface is activated by disposing a layer of iron over the ...
The heat of reaction is about 77,800 calories at 25°C. Technical Production.—On the commercial scale a mixture of calcium cyanamide and carbon is produced by heating ground calcium carbide in an atmosphere of nitrogen to about r,000°-i,ioo°C. The nitrogen is generally prepared by the fractional distillation of liquid air by the Linde or ...
Jul 27, 2018· Calcium carbide (10 mm pieces, ∼80% technical grade, Sigma-Aldrich Chemie , Germany) was grounded under a dry argon atmosphere in a planetary ball mill PM-100 (Retsch Technology, Germany) using a pressure-tight jar with tungsten carbide balls, sieved with a 40/60 mesh sieve and then filled into a piece of stainless steel tubing packed ...
Mar 30, 1996· Abstract. High-strength austenitic stainless steels can be produced by replacing carbon with nitrogen. Nitrogen has greater solid-solubility than carbon, is a strong austenite stabilizer, potent interstitial solid-solution strengthener, and improves pitting corrosion resistance. Although the solubility of nitrogen in liquid iron is very low, 0 ...
The molten bath includes a carbon source such as calcium carbide, and the diffusion process is carried out under an inert non-nitrogen atmosphere such as argon and at a time-temperature profile below that temperature which would promote carbide formation (less than 1000° F. for stainless steel …
Carbide precipitation was negligible in the HAZ of the SMA weld of Type 304 SS Heat Cl (=0.060 wt.VO C), as well as in '&pe 304L SS Heat C3 (=0.016 wt.% C). That is, in contrast to GTA welding, thermal sensitization did not occur during SMA welding, even in high-C Heat C1. Calcium-rich precipitates were present in SMA welds in the WZ and in the
Jun 11, 2007· A process for hardening a work piece of stainless steel through diffusion of the elements carbon and/or nitrogen into the work piece surfaces. The work piece is submerged into a molten salt bath and subjected to the molten salt bath for a period ranging from 15 minutes to 240 hours at temperatures below 450° C. In addition to potassium chloride and lithium chloride, the molten salt bath ...
Stainless Steel Synopsis ... the concentrations of oxygen and nitrogen were deter-mined by the use of an automatic gas analyzer. The atomic absorption analysis was employed for the de- termination of calcium concentration. ... the use of calcium carbide,3 but are about one half
Jan 25, 2017· 31. Decarburization. • It is difficult to produce steel by conventional steel making with <0.03% C. • Carbon can be lowered to 0.01% from 0.04 to 0.06% levels by simply exposing it to a vacuum, • Particular attention must be paid to the amount of carbon in alloying additions made after decarburization of steel. Sulfur and Phosphorus Control.
iii. precursor to most nitrogen-containing compounds iv. general purpose cleaner for many surfaces (clean glass, porcelain and stainless steel) v. used in the fermentation industry as a source of nitrogen for microorganisms and to adjust pH during fermentation. vi. Refrigerant vii. used to scrub SO2 from the burning of fossil fuels
Jul 02, 2013· Industrial gases normally used in steel industry are oxygen, nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, and acetylene. Properties of these gases are given in Tab 1. These gases are described after the table. Further, some of specialty gases and gas mixes are used in the steel plant laboratories for instrumental analysis work. Tab 1 Properties of industrial gases.
What does calcium-carbide mean? A grayish-black crystalline compound, CaC2, obtained by heating pulverized limestone or quicklime with carbon and used ...